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Breaking symmetry in sea urchins

June 24, 2024

Breaking symmetry in sea urchins

The establishment of the dorsal-ventral axis during early development of the sea urchin embryo is dependent on the antagonistic activity of the inhibin-like TGF-β Panda, which opposes Nodal signaling through an unknown mechanism. Praveen Kumar Viswanathan, Thierry Lepage and colleagues show that in Paracentrotus lividus, Panda sequesters the TGF-β type II receptor ACVRII, promoting (rather than antagonizing) Nodal signaling.

Image credit: pbio.3002701

PLOS Biologue

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PLOS BIOLOGUE

06/28/2024

Research Article

Should I stay or should I go?

Studies in animal models suggest that the hypothalamus is critical for modulating the switch between survival behaviors such as hunting versus escaping. Jaejoong Kim, Sarah Tashjian and Dean Mobbs use neuroimaging combined with computational modeling to show that the hypothalamus also modulates switching between survival actions in humans.

Image credit: pbio.3002624

Should I stay or should I go?

Recently Published Articles

Current Issue

Current Issue May 2024

06/27/2024

Methods and Resources

High-throughput chemotaxis screens for worms

Established C. elegans chemotaxis assays depend on manual assays and worm counts that limit their scalability and reproducibility. Emily Fryer, Sujay Guha, Lucero Rogel-Hernandez, Theresa Logan-Garbisch, Miriam Goodman and co-workers develop a high-throughput platform for screening the valence of C. elegans chemotaxis to large libraries of small molecules.

Image credit: pbio.3002672

High-throughput chemotaxis screens for worms

06/27/2024

Research Article

Extra synapses override hidden hearing loss

Hidden hearing loss involves the loss of cochlear inner hair cell synapses, which reduces the amplitude of sound-evoked auditory potentials. Lingchao Ji, Susan Shore, Gabriel Corfas and co-authors show that loss of these synapses degrades temporal auditory processing; conversely, the generation of supernumerary synapses results in above-normal temporal auditory processing in mice, with therapeutic implications.

Image credit: pbio.3002665

Extra synapses override hidden hearing loss

06/26/2024

Research Article

Multimodal object recognition

Object recognition has mainly been studied using unimodal stimuli. Heung-Yeol Lim and Inah Lee show that a subpopulation of neurons in the perirhinal cortex uses unimodal and multimodal sensory information both for flexible recognition of a multimodal object based on unimodal cues, and for episodic experience of the object.

Multimodal object recognition

Image credit: pbio.3002713

06/25/2024

Research Article

Different flavors of beta rhythm

Beta oscillations are associated with many aspects of motor behavior and studies often include the entire beta frequency range. Simon Nougaret, Bjørg Elisabeth Kilavik and co-authors show that high and low beta rhythms co-reside in the motor cortex of macaques and have distinct, band-specific roles in movement control and spatio-temporal attention.

Different flavors of beta rhythm

Image credit: pbio.3002670

06/21/2024

Research Article

Biofilm formation in Candida

Fungal biofilms are complex communities that can form on surfaces of implanted medical devices. Laxmi Shanker Rai, Sophie Bachellier-Bassi, Christophe d’Enfert and co-workers use an overexpression screen to identify novel modulators of Candida albicans biofilm formation, revealing that the transcription factors ZCF15 and ZCF26 regulate metabolic reprogramming during the transition from planktonic to biofilm growth.

Biofilm formation in Candida

Image credit: pbio.3002693

06/11/2024

Editorial

Aligning data with decisions

The planetary outlook for biodiversity is dire. Leah Gerber and Gwenllian Iacona introduce a new Collection of articles that discuss the data we have and the data we need for more effective conservation policies.

Aligning data with decisions

Image credit: Leah Gerber

06/10/2024

Essay

Costs in conservation

Vanessa Adams investigates why more progress has not been made in considering economic costs in conservation, and highlights common mistakes made when selecting, estimating, and including costs in conservation decisions.

Costs in conservation

Image credit: pbio.3002676

06/10/2024

Perspective

Conservationists should stand up for social justice

Conservationists are still grappling with what social justice means in practice. EJ Milner-Gulland argues that a major shift in mindset is required in order to achieve socially just, rights-based conservation, and that shift needs to happen now.

Conservationists should stand up for social justice

Image credit: Leah Gerber

06/04/2024

Essay

Better data to save the planet

Frank Hawkins argues that we need better spatially explicit and actionable data on the causes of biodiversity loss that can be conveyed to company decision-makers in a format that they can use easily and efficiently.

Better data to save the planet

Image credit: pbio.3002689

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